Charles f



(No Model.)

0. P. BRUSH.

SECONDARY BATTERY UHAEGING.

No. 895,378. Patented Jan. 1, 1889.

N. PETERS, Phclcrbihngnphcn Washmgtml. D. Q

tains to make and use the same.

UNITED STATES PATENT @YFMQE CHARLES E. lRYSH, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE l litly'bll ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

SECONDARY-BATTERY CHARGENC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 395,878, dated January 1, 1889. Original application filed June 13, 1882, Serial No. 64,033. Divided and this application filed December 11, 1883. Serial No.

114,209. (No model.) Patented in England July 1, 1882, No. 8,108; in Belgium July 22, 1882, No. 58,539;

in Germany July 25,1882,No.24,582; in France July 26, 1882, No. 150,318; in Russia August 5, 1882, No. 5,699; in Italy 8eptemher 30, 1882, No. 14,453; in Victoria November 13, 1882, No. 3,344; in Cape of Good Hope December 15, 1882, No. 11/121; in $outh Australia December 20, 1882, No. 318; in Spain February 1, 1883, No. 3,478 in Austria-Hungary April 15, 1883, No. 3,604; in Portugal May 2,1883,No. 841; in India May 8, 1883, No. 170/82, and in New 8outh Wales June 27, 1883,

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. BRUSH, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Secondary-Battery 1 Charging; and 1 do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descrip- 1 tion of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apper- Myinvention relates to the distribution and automatic manipulation of the current employed in charging secondary batteries or apparatus for the storage of electrical energy; and it consists in the combination, with an electric generator, a main or charging circuit, and. a secondary battery connected or associated with the main charging-circuit in multiple are, of devices actuated and controlled by the current for automatically switching the secondary battery into the charging-circuit. y

The invention further consists in the combination, with an electric generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery connected or associated with the main or charging circuit in multiple arc, of devices actuated and controlled by the current for automatically switching the secondary battery out of the charging-oircuit.

The invention further consists in certain other improvements in the arrangement and combinations of parts in a system employing secondarybatteries, as will. hereinafter be explained, and specified in the claims.

The accompanyinc dawine illustrates a system embodying my invention in one of its many forms of constructions and relative ar- 1 rangements of parts.

A represents a current-geuerator, which may consist of a dynamo or magneto electric machine, thermoelectric, or other apparatus capable of furnishing an electric current.

Brepresents secondary batteries of any approved type or construction.

Cis an electro-magnet located in the circuit I and. u back to the generator.

a a a a o connecting the generator and secondary battery. I

D represent a number of electric lamps, either are or incandescent, or other translating devices, such as motors or other devices.

E represent levers, each beingpivoted at b and provided with an armature, c. facing the pole or poles of the magnet The lever may be provided with an adjustable weight, (1. The free end of the lever carries contactpoints e f, which are insulated from each other. A

To the chargririg-circuit o is electrically con nected a stationary contact-point, g, which makes contact with fand serves as a stop to the lever E when the latter 1 s in obedience to the attraction of the magnet t. Contact c is electrically connected with the chargingcircuit by means of a suitable flexible connection, as shown. (.ontactt'is also connected by a flexible conductor with the section a of the charging-circuit. A conductor, F, of low resistance is electrically connected at one end with the section ot' the charging-circuit,= I

and at its opposite cud is provided with a sta tionary contact-point, 72, which makes contact with c and serves as a stop to the lever E when the latter talls.

A COllLlllClOl of l'usiblc inch-11,11, may be employed [or the purpose ot openingthat part of the circuit which is connected to the charging and discharging circuit by fusion, it the charging or dischargrint;- current becomes greatly abnormal in quantity from any cause.

In the drawing, the levers 11 are shown in. the position which they occupy while the generatorA is charging the batteries 1). The current pass. s from the generator through the line (1, contacts '9 f, lines a, conductors H, batteries 1:3, lines magnets (Y, and lines a When the charging-current stij ps or l.)ti(tt l1lt.S greatlyreduced, the magnets C being no longer able to support or uphold their levers E, the latter drop, separatingthe contacts of and makingcontact between 6 and 72. Thus the batteries B are disconnected at one end from the charging-line a, and the circuit of the generator is completed through other pathsviz., through the line (1, contacts 6 72, conductors F, lines c magnets 0, lines (b and line a \Vhen the charging-current is again started, the magnets C raise the levers E into the position shown, and the charging of the batteries is resumed.

The translating devices D (shown as arranged in multiple arc) and the translating devices 1 (arranged both in multiple arc and in series are operated by the discharge of the batteries B when the charging-current from the generator is not acting. If they are left in circuit while the charging-current is acting, they may be regarded as being operated wholly or in part by the charging-current direct. If they require less than the chargingcnrrent, the excess of the latter will pass through the battery, augmenting its charge. If they require more than the charging-current, the latter will. be supplemented and reenforced by a discharge from the battery.

Instead of using the low conduct-or E, the resistance G may be employed and maybe made adjustable, if desired. The contact-points e, f, g, and hare preferably made of carbon such as is used in electric-arc lightningso that their surfaces may not become impaired by the sparks which may occur between them. Obviously an axial magnet with movable core may be employed instead of the form shown at (J.

\Vhen the levers E are rising, sparks or arcs must form between the points 6 and 72. during the time the levers are moving and until contacts are established between f and g. The ultimate distance apart of e and 71 is so adjusted that the resistance to the passage of current offered by the spark or are between these points is considerable, or even greater than that otfered by the battery B, so that when f and 9 make cont-act, the passage of current between 6 and h ceases. \Vhen a resistance, G, is placed in the short-circuit, the points 2 it may be worked at a less separation and the sparks or arcs between them greatly reduced, owing to the fact that the resistance replaces more or less of that which was in the first instance necessarily in the spark between e and 72.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that when the current is not acting in the charging-circuit the secondary batteries (one or more) will be open-circuited or disconnected from the charging-circuit, and the latter will be short-circuited around each battery; also, when the charging-current is established in the charging circuit or line, the short circuit around each battery will be opened and the battery thrown or automatically switched into the charging circuit. Again, when the charging-current stops, each battery will be automatically switched out of the chargingcircuit and the latter shortcircuited, as at first. These automatic operations prevent the inverse discharge of the battery or batteries through the charging line or circuit when the charging-current is discontinued, prevent reversal of polarity in the dynamoanachine when such is employed for charging, and leave a closed circuit for the charging-current to rc-establish itself in when recharging or continued charging of the batteries is desired.

This case is a division of my original application designated as Case T, filed June 13, 1882, Serial No. 0 1,033, and is designated Division B of Case T.

The invention described and claimed in the original application relates to devices or mechanism for automatically controlling and ma- 1 nipulating the charging-cm-rent irrespective of any particular arrangement or association of the batteries with respect to the charging circuit, and I make no claim to said invention in this case, as in this application the invention relates to a separate and distinct improvement, consisting in the relative arrangement of the batteries, charging-circuit, and an automatic switching mechanism, substantially as hereinbefore described, and hereinafter specified in the claims, and is not restricted to the particular construction and arrangement of parts shown and described for automatically switching or mani mlating the charging-current.

The invention herein described and claimed is described, but not specifically claimed, in patents granted in the following foreign countries: England, No. 3,108, July 1, 1882; France, LTO. 150,318, July 26, 1882; l-lelgium, No. 58,539, July 22, 1882; Germany, He. 2i,582,.luly 25, 1882; Italy, No. 11,453, September 30, 1882; Austria, No. 3,004, April 15, 1883; Russia, No. 5,609, August 5, 1882; Spain,

. No. 3,478, February 1, 18%, Portugal, No. 341,

May 2, 1883'; (ape of Good Hope, 11/121, December 15, 1932; India, 170/83, May S, 1883; New South \Vales, No. 1,2152, June 27, 1883; Victoria, No. 3,2344, November 1 13, 1882; South Australia, No. 318, December 20, 1882.

Having fully described my invention, \vhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a multiple-arc system of electrical dis.

tribution, the combination, with an electric generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, of a switch for electrically connecting and disconnecting the secondary battery and chargin circuit, and an electro-magnet for automatically actuating the switch and switching the multiple-arc branch and the secondary battery included therein into the charging-circuit, substantially as set forth.

2. In a multiple-arc system of electrical disi tribution, the combination, with an electrical. generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, of a switch for electrically connecting and disconnecting the secondary battery and charging- *for actuating the switch and automatically 1 branch of the main or charging circuit, and

, translating devices included in the dischargcircuit, and an electro-magnet for automatically actuating the switch and switching the J multiple-arc branch and secondarybattery in- I cluded therein out of the charging-circuit, substantially as set forth.

3. In a multiple-arc system of electrical distribution, the combination, with an electrical 2' generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc f branch of the main or charging circuit, of a switch constructed and adapted to electrically connect and disconnect the secondary battery and charging-oircuit, and an electro-magnet switching the multiple-arc branch and secondary battery included therein into and out of the charging-circuit, substantially as set forth.

i. Ina multiple-arc system of electrical distribution, the (annbination, with an electri hi i generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc i branch of the main or charging circuit, of a switch for electrically connecting and disconnecting the secondary battery and charging circuit, and an electroanagnet included in the I cln'u'ging-eircuit of the battery and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically switch the secondary battery into and out of the charging-circuit while the charging-currcnt is established therein, substantially as set forth.

5. In amultiple-arc system of electrical distribntion, the combination, with an electrical generator, a main or chz'irging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a 1uultipl(-:-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, of a switch for electrically connecting and disconnecting the secondarybattery and main or charging circuit, and an electro-magnet included in the cliaiging-circuit of the battery and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically switch the secondary battery out of the charging-circuit when the charging-current stops or becomes sufficiently reduced, substantially as set forth.

(3. In amultiple-arc system of elect rical distribution, the mnnbination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit,and a secondary battery included in a uuilti 'ile-arc i branch of the main or charging circuit, of a i switch constructed and adapted to electrically connect and disconnect the secondary 1 battery and chargiug-circuit,- and a circuit around the battery adapted to be opened and closed by said switch, and an electro-magnet constructed and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically switch the secondary batt tcry out of the charging-circuit when the l charging-current stops or becomes sutiicicntly l reduced and establish a circuit for the charging-currei'it around the secondary battery,

substantially as set forth.

7. In a multiple-are system of electrical distribution, the combination, with an electrical i generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondarybattery included in a multiple-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, of

switch for electrically connecting and disconnecting the secondary battery and chargingcircuit, and an electro-magnet included in the charging-circuit of the battery and adapted to actuate the switch and automatically switch the battery and its multiple-arc branch circuit out of the charging-circuit while the charging-current acting therein, substantially as set forth.

8. In amultiple-arc system of electrical distribntion, the eimil'iination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc ing or working circuit of the secondary bat tery, ot a switch and an electro-magnet inl cluded in the charging-circuit oi thebattery and adapted to automatically establish a closed. circuit around the batteryand its discharging-circuit when the charging-current st ops or becomes sullicitaitly reducml, substantially as set forth.

S). In a multiple-arc system of elc('*trical distribution, the combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and a secondary battery included in a multiple-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, of a resistance in a circuit around the battery, a switch constructed and adapted to electrically connect and discrmnect the battery and charging-circuit, and a circuit including a resistance around the battery controlled by said switch, and. an electroanagnet constructed and adapted to actuate the switch and automati cally switch the battery out of the chargingcircuit and autonn'itically establish a circuit including the resistance around the battery, substant ially as set forth. 7

ll). In a mult iplc-arc system of electrical distriluition, the combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batteries, each included in an independent multiple-arc branch of the 1 main or charging circuit, of a switch and elecj tro-magnet associated with each multiple-arc branch and constructed and adapted to automatically and imlepeiulently switch the sec- ;oudary batteries included therein into the charging-circuit, substantially as set forth.

il 1. In a multiple-arc system of electrical distribution, the combination, with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondaly lmtteries, each included in an independent multiple-arc branch of the main or charging circuit, ot' a switch and electro-magnet associated with each multiple-arc branch and constructed and adapted to automatically and indtpendently switch the secondary batteries included therein out of the chargirig-circuit, substantially as set forth.

1 In a n'iultiple-arc system of electrical distribution, the combination,with an electrical generator, a main or charging circuit, and two or more secondary batteries, each included in an independent multiplearc branch of the main or charging circuit, of aswitch, an elec- TOO tro-magnet included in the charging-circuit of each battery, and a sh Lint-circuit associated with each battery, said parts being constructed and adapted to automatically and independ- 5 ently switch each of said batteries out of the charging-circuit and establish a circuit around 1 each battery when the charging-current ceases or becomes sufiiciently reduced, and to autolnatically open said circuits around the bat- 1o teries and switch the latter into the chargingj circuit when the charging-current is reestablished, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES F. BRUSH.

lVitn esses:

LEVERETT L. LEGGETT, ALBERT E. LYNCH. 

